Inference
Readers use inference both during and after reading to draw conclusions about the text. To infer means to go beyond the literal words on the page and make judgments about what is implied based on a reader's schema or prior knowledge. This skill is a hidden process that skillful readers rely on regularly to decide what the author is really trying to say. As teachers, we must draw attention to this strategy, model how this process happens, and provide ample practice for students as they move through each level of reading. The thinking that needs to be accessed to make inferences in a level 'A' book as a kindergartner is very different from the thinking that a level 'T' reader needs to access. Yet, the difficulty can be just as great.
Readers use inference to...
- Construct theories to explain how characters behave or plot unfolds
- Have empathy for fictional or historical characters
- Use background knowledge and information from the text to form tentative theories as to the significance of the events.
- Create sensory images related to character, plot, setting, theme, or topic.
- Understand what is not stated but implied in the text.
This video is an excellent example of a guided reading lesson!
Stopping points of note:
0:00 Introduction to the lesson
0:35 Previewing book and word work
2:50 Begins inferring lesson
3:07 Teacher taking anecdotal notes during lesson
3:13 Teacher model of inferring
3:50 Planned student practice of inferring
8:50 Lesson closure and extension into purposeful writing